I think there's no question of the benefits of immunization here in relation to the risks. Regarding the risks of a pandemic influenza, we don't know how it's going to develop. At the moment it's been fairly quiet in the first round. The second round could be much worse. We don't know how it's going to go.
It's a very unpredictable virus that's coming. We do know that it's not behaving like seasonal flu virus. People think it's just like the seasonal flu. In humans it's actually affecting deep in the lungs, in younger people. This has been mimicked, incidentally, for those of you who are interested in models. The ferret is the model for flu. It's doing the same thing in ferrets. This virus damages the lungs considerably. It's a nasty virus. We don't know why it's behaving this way.
This is the problem. We're really seeing a virus evolving, and we don't know which way it's going to go. Yes, the benefits far outweigh the risks here.
To your point from earlier about people forgetting, nowadays we don't have diphtheria or tuberculosis. I gave a talk six or seven months ago to a public audience, and I started my talk by showing a picture of my grandfather and a photograph of my aunt, my mother's sister. I never knew either of them. My grandfather died of tuberculosis before I was born, and my aunt died of diphtheria. You don't hear of that so much now.
We were talking about polio earlier on. Somebody in the audience came out and said they were working on polio with Connaught, which is quite interesting. People forget that these diseases do have devastating effects on communities when they roll out. They're preventable diseases.
I think when you roll out with large populations of millions, there will be some instances where somebody thinks the vaccine has caused some damage, an allergy or something. It's very important to investigate those and make sure they're not causally related. It may be embarrassing, but we need to know. It's all planned that we look at these things and build up the confidence as we roll out.