Thank you. Since you asked me the question in French, I am going to answer in French.
In all the countries around the world where research is conducted, we are seeing a strong tendency to reduce public funding for basic research in order to support targeted research. There is really no harm in doing targeted research; it is even desirable when it comes to development. But the fact remains that great scientific discoveries that have a real impact on the quality of everyday life stem from basic research. For instance, just think about the discovery of nylon or Teflon. It started with basic research in a lab. So basic research must be funded.
However, the basic research of today is not what it used to be. It is now much more transdisciplinary. We no longer work in silos. We are using a horizontal approach. For basic research to lead to practical discoveries, we have to work with scientists from various sectors. As a result, grant programs need to reflect this reality.
I have been with NSREC for a number of years. For the time being, grant programs are affecting a number of areas. We are trying to adapt, but we need more flexible programs that will allow us to conduct basic research in the preliminary stages, to be able to make great discoveries and then work with the industry and benefit from
bridging money.
What was your second question?