The national opioid use guidelines for chronic non-malignant pain are now housed in the national pain centre at McMaster University, and every national college of physicians was part of it. Work is ongoing in trying to help disseminate and implement this.
The real focus there is how to use opioids safely, how to minimize the harm, how to make sure people are monitored appropriately, advised and educated about the risk, and also know when the medication should not be used and when it should be stopped because it is causing harm. It's not a lack of knowing what to do, it's the actual doing, which is where we are in Canada. We are not doing what we know we should be doing.