With having such a large domestic pharmaceutical industry in the U.K., it's obviously a major concern whether the restriction of access would actually impact upon investment and innovation in the U.K. I would observe first of all that the initial analysis done by the U.K. Office of Fair Trading established, as many others have, that there isn't actually a relationship between pricing behaviour and inward investment for the pharmaceutical industry. That claim isn't particularly strong.
Secondly, I think what is very interesting for Canada is that they worked to align the health system with the R and D process so that the U.K. continued to be an attractive place for the research around innovative drugs, because it could deliver high-quality patient-level information on the outcomes of patients receiving them and hard systems such as the NICE patient access scheme for negotiating those conditional access arrangements almost immediately upon licensing approval. The key economic role of the pharmaceutical industry in the U.K. economy has been maintained by aligning what the health system was doing with innovative technologies and the research capacity.