Thank you, all, for coming. I'm the emergency physician that Mr. Carrie referred to. I have worked in an inner city emergency department in Winnipeg, where there's a lot of violence and a lot of drug use. I also spent six years as the medical director of Manitoba's EMS system.
Mr. Poirier, maybe offline, I'd like to talk to you about the regulatory changes. I didn't know there were still jurisdictions in Canada where you had to call the doctor to give naloxone. Every provincial director I've spoken to said it was offline, and it was a delegated act with offline control. I'm curious about that.
Dr. MacKenzie, we talked about marginalization and stigma in regard to drug use. We know that many people in society think those who use drugs just made “bad choices” and treat people like that accordingly. Do you think this stigma affects people's willingness to seek help in regard to drug issues, including overdose?