Price increases are the most effective way to reduce consumption, especially for teenagers, who do not have a lot of money for that.
In Canada, there is smuggling, but it is more prevalent in Ontario and Quebec, where taxation is lower. In the west and the Atlantic, contraband is much less significant, not necessarily because of high taxes. Illegal factories and proximity to urban centres, such as Toronto, Montreal and various parts of southern Ontario, encourage smuggling.
There are measures we could use to fight smuggling. We have recommendations for Ontario and the federal government. We could do it at the same time.