When we look at vaping products where we're confidently saying these products are less harmful than cigarettes, that's based on an emerging global consensus of science. The most recent U.S. National Academy of Sciences paper on this was an overview of 800 peer-reviewed scientific journals.
On the other hand, testimony given here a couple of weeks ago by Philip Morris pointed at a Public Health England report that said that heated tobacco products might also be less harmful. That report looked at 20 studies, of which 12 were industry, and its number one recommendation was that we need more independent study.
Based on that, Health Canada is not of the view today that we can say that these things are less harmful.