With regard to the vaccine efficacy definition, even in Pfizer's, Moderna's and all the vaccine trials, the original definition was for the prevention of infection, not serious disease. From Ontario's data and also the U.K.'s surveillance, they found that people who have two doses, who are fully vaccinated with the mRNA vaccines as well as the viral vector vaccines, after 60 days or so their vaccine efficacy—so you're looking at the number of cases compared to those who are unvaccinated—actually drops below zero. That's been a consistent finding.
It is not so unusual with an immune escape variant. When you're focusing all your immune attention to one particular antigen of a virus, you're obviously going to be selecting for one that is not recognized by the population's immunity against that particular pathogen. That's why I think component-type vaccines are more likely to select for immune variants, as opposed to whole...either live attenuated or perhaps.... Whole vaccines are harder to make.