Stigma is a concept and a societal phenomenon. Whether it's used for one thing or another, it's the responsibility of whoever uses it, but it is, in fact, something that, as you outlined, can hinder people in getting care for themselves. It's something that, in certain quarters, can exclude people from care. Certainly, every health system that I know of is trying to make sure (a) that health systems do not stigmatize people who use drugs or have mental illness and (b) that people who have the self-stigma that you indicate can recover through psychotherapy and various forms of interventions that allow for overcoming that.
On December 3rd, 2024. See this statement in context.