On the other part of the question, you're correct, this amendment would mean that the non-participating jurisdictions must put in place a grant—any grant. That grant doesn't necessarily have as its targeted audience first-year, first-time students. It doesn't necessarily have students from low-income families. It doesn't pick up 6% of student borrowers who normally would be receiving grants because they're coming from low-income families.
In the way it's set out, there's no requirement for the federal government to be able to ensure that the grant meets the intended outcome, whether it's for a low-income family or whether it would be for permanent disability.