I'll add something based on what Jino said earlier: education. I can put a personal spin on it. I came to Canada in 1989. I was a 19-year-old man, a refugee from Iran. I put myself through school and racked up a huge loan. When I graduated, I was one of the top three in a class of 12, with a grade point average of over 4.0. I applied for nearly 100 jobs at the time, and I did not even get a call back. The minute I changed my name and anglicized it, I started getting letters.
Does that mean it was a success? I had the opportunity of being born to a family with an Iranian dad and a Russian mom, and I look white, just to say it simply. That helped me. This is not to say that sneaky, hidden discrimination is something that can be quantified or felt by the aggregate population, and that's not to say that the aggregate population is exercising that.
What I can say is that education engagement, that's the role.... It's guaranteed to us under the charter. The right is guaranteed. I think the role of the federal government should be education.