I wish I had an answer for you. How do we guarantee it? I'm a firm believer in education, both formal and informal. Formal education will give you a level of expertise that will enable you to get from A to B, but this should be accompanied by practical wisdom, which comes from informal education, from interaction, from access. A first point of poverty reduction and countering racism is interaction, giving access, and making sure populations that historically have been marginalized form alliances by understanding and getting to know one another.
One of the initiatives we have in our city brings aboriginal youth and newcomer youth together throughout the summer or in wintertime with various programming that allows them to share their cultures. We have programming with law enforcement, be it Winnipeg police, the RCMP, or the corrections. We have an initiative called umoja, which is Swahili for unity. Youth in the community who have had negative experiences with people in uniform are brought together with members of the police to play hockey, basketball, and football. This way, they grow together and recognize that under that uniform is a human being, while the other side recognizes that there is more than one way of doing things.
It takes a long time to put these things in statistics, to quantify them. The school life of a child starts from K to 12, and even if we follow that, it's not going to happen overnight. We need time.