I think we have a lot to be proud of in Canada. Whatever criticisms we have, when we put them in an international context we see that there are many positive features. A lot of our comments and criticisms are to build on what we have, which again has many excellent features. Things we have brought forward in the past include, for example, the nomination process for Immigration and Refugee Board members, on which there seems to have been a great deal of progress in the last few years; the absence of the appeal; and a better or more independent means of assessing risk at the end of the process.
On the delay, we think the way we have presented the introduction of the appeal and the absence of a stay of removal to the Federal Court will help to streamline the system and move people ahead more quickly, whether to get landing or to be removed from Canada. On the ground, a lot of the delays come well after the Immigration and Refugee Board, where people are waiting around an uncertain time for their pre-removal risk assessment, and then even for the decision on the pre-removal risk assessment. So for those who are concerned about delays and the cost to social services, a lot of it has nothing to do with the IRB; it comes with just waiting around for administrative decisions.