Yes, end to end.
Canada is also unique in that we allow citizens and permanent residents to sponsor parents and grandparents. Very few grandparents apply, but we now have a backlog of 165,000 parent and grandparent applications waiting to be processed. Within the levels planned, admissions in that category have historically been in the range of about 15,000 to 20,000. One of the key issues we're looking at now is how to manage the growth of that backlog in a way that's going to allow us to improve processing times and to speed up family reunification.
In respect of refugee protection, Canada, like many other industrial countries, resettles refugees referred to us from overseas by the United Nations, and as part of the Balanced Refugee Reform Act, which received royal assent in 2010. We are increasing the number of government-assisted refugees we are resettling in Canada beginning this year and ramping up for next year and 2013. We provide income support and destine folks to communities outside many of the major centres, although we don't exclude major centres. We also work with private sponsors who are able to sponsor refugees from overseas who need Canada's protection. We also provide status to individuals who seek asylum from within Canada. Those numbers have been fairly stable at just over 20,000 last year, and we expect them to remain so this year, largely as a result of the use of visa policy and the imposition of the visa on Mexico and the Czech Republic, which were our top two source countries in 2008 and 2009.
We also have an agreement with the United States, the safe third country agreement, which allows us to co-manage refugee flows across our land border. We find this an effective way to ensure that people are not abusing either country's system and that the country where they arrive first is the country in which they have to make their refugee claim. The interpretation of that agreement is restricted to arrivals at land ports of entry. It doesn't apply to airports or irregular arrivals outside ports of entry. Again, that's something we would want to look at going forward.