Thank you, Chair.
Thank you, panel, for appearing before us.
This whole situation of marriage or vetting what is a genuine marriage and what is a paper marriage or fraudulent marriage appears to be one where we need better pre-arrival interview or pre-arrival assessment, or it's a case of just simply managing risk in our immigration system.
On the one hand, I've heard from your comments that we can alleviate or mitigate a lot of these if the spouse who is being sponsored coming to Canada meets, by a large extent, all the immigration requirements of being in Canada as an immigrant.
On the other hand, and in detail, whether they meet a certain means test, whether they meet our minimum official language tests, or have a certain level of education, or they are of mature age, a certain age of consent.... Or even, if we want to go that far, an examination of their religious affiliation....
So my question now is: what is our best management tool to do the pre-arrival assessment?
Ms. Marshall, do you wish to start first?