As I mentioned, there is establishment in Canada for those who are already in Canada when they are applying. There is the consideration of ties to Canada; the best interests of any children directly affected by the humanitarian and compassionate decision; factors in their country of origin including adverse country conditions; health considerations including the inability of a country to provide medical treatment; family violence considerations; the consequences of the separation of relatives; their inability to leave Canada has led to establishment; the ability to establish in Canada, for overseas applications; and any unique or exceptional circumstances that might merit relief.
As you can see, there's a fairly broad range of considerations and factors taken into account in humanitarian and compassionate applications.