Mr. Chair, perhaps I could give you just a few factoids that might be helpful.
For instance, we did a survey that indicated 85% of parents and grandparents provide child care often or sometimes in a family. On average, the economic outcomes of parents and grandparents are below that of all immigrants, but that's not unexpected. Parents and grandparents have an average age of about 65 at the time of admission to Canada.
For immigrants who were admitted between 2003 and 2013, 49% of parents and grandparents report employment earnings one year after arriving in Canada, compared to 66% of all immigrants. The percentage of parents and grandparents who report employment earnings decreases over the first eight years in Canada, while the percentage of all immigrants reporting employment earnings remains stable. We found that 8% of parents and grandparents report self-employment earnings one year after arriving, compared to 9% of all immigrants, so that's fairly close. The proportion of parents and grandparents reporting self-employment earnings increases to 13% eight years after arriving in Canada, compared to 15% of all immigrants.