Thank you, both, for your testimony this afternoon.
I'm going to start with Professor McDonald. As we have discussed, I too taught at UNB. In my case it was the MBA program in international trade. I had a great deal of experience working with international students, and so many of them wished that they could have stayed and looked for opportunities in the local communities.
One of the things that I hear clearly from both testimonies is that immigration is not the only answer, but I do believe, based on where I live and the area that I represent, that it is part of the solution. If we look, for example, at Mr. Lacey's comments about tightening EI reform and also tightening the temporary foreign workers program, I need look no further than 2014, when the TFW program was tightened. The program did have issues but when that program was tightened, Paturel, for example, exported a whole processing line to Massachusetts, never to return. That did not create jobs. In fact, it impacted the industry.
If we're looking at opportunities, Professor McDonald, in terms of systemic or structural challenges, what would you say, given the situation in rural coastal communities, about the challenges in transportation, affordable accessible child care and skills training?