I think it's a mistake to compare the two asylum systems. The situation in the United States is quite different from that in Canada. Canada is much more open and has much more flexible criteria for recognizing that a person is a refugee. Let me give you some examples.
First, sexual orientation. A person seeking asylum in the United States on the basis of sexual orientation could not be recognized as a refugee by the U.S. immigration court. Conversely, in Canada, membership in what's called a particular social group is grounds for recognition as a refugee.
Then there's the fact that a person fears certain crime groups in their country of origin. That is not a recognized ground in the United States, whereas it is in Canada. Those are obviously major differences.
The two systems also have different views on the detention of migrants. In Canada, this is the exception: migrants are detained in purpose-built immigration detention centres that house women, children and families. In the United States, migrants seeking asylum are instead held in common law prisons, alongside criminals, sometimes even hardened criminals like murderers.
The two systems are completely different. In fact, that's why the Federal Court struck down the agreement in 2020. The system was seen as different, and, contrary to popular belief, the United States was not a safe third country for people who feared persecution if they were to return to their home country.