I can follow up on that.
Dr. Ginger Gibson actually did a longitudinal study on the effects of two-and-two on remote communities for the Tlicho government. Her findings indicated that in order to be successful as a miner in one of the camps there were three things that had to be done. First of all, the miner had to be strong like two people—strong in his or her own culture, but also strong in the culture of the mine. Secondly, the partner left behind had to be strong like two people, because at that point they are two people to the family. They are the mother and the father. Having the skill sets to be able to manage the household and all the challenges, especially in a remote community, with having to do the budgeting and the wood chopping and everything else, is important.
Also important is that officials of large corporations have to do a complete mind change, because they have to be strong for the two people. They have to understand that the definition of family in the north, in our communities, is completely different from what you'll find in the south. If an elder dies in the community, you are expected to go to the funeral. People will quit their employment if they can't get time to go to a funeral, because the community is your family. Having our mines understand that has been a challenge. So you talk about economic development...even for people who are employed, it's a matter of culture. You do not deny your family.
There are some challenges there, but we are working with our trainees, helping them to develop those skill sets so that when they do go away to the mine, at least there is some thought given back to the community.