The last numbered treaty was signed in 1921. That was Treaty 11, as I mentioned here. It allowed us the ability to continue our subsistence lifestyle while also recognizing the rights we have to this region. It granted us a whopping five dollars a year for each man, woman and child. There were also provisions for minor payments to chiefs and headmen. It was very limited in its application, and the implementation even more so.
Fast-forward 70 years to the modern treaties, as they are now known, or the comprehensive claims policy, which was an effort by indigenous nations, such as the Gwich'in, to sign modern treaties. It provided some real dollars and some fee simple lands to areas within our traditional territory. It has allowed for a level of economic reconciliation by providing the dollars we require to provide programming and services to our people, to better implement our agreements and to reshape our relationship with mainly the Government of Canada and others.