When you say, “no recourse”, I think the challenge is jurisdictional issues. Is that what's being implied? That these places are in other jurisdictions...? It's true that they're in other jurisdictions, but the truth is that those other jurisdictions have copyright laws as well.
Part of the grand vision of copyright policy, which was true 15 years ago—when I first came to the clinic and started to talk about copyright policy—and is true today is to push unlawful content to the dark corners of the Internet, the dark corners of the world.
Fifteen years ago, we would have said that Canada should not be a site or a host for businesses intent on infringing copyright and built upon those kinds of destructive capacities, and that to the extent that those businesses exist, they should be offshore. They should be elsewhere. I think the recourse really is to bring pressure to bear internationally on the countries that are hosting these businesses to go after them and enforce copyright laws in those jurisdictions.