The Chinese Communist Party establishes a five-year plan with goals for furtherance of their interests in key strategic sectors, including high technology. Therefore, the industries are involved in acquiring this information either through commercial deals with foreign companies contingent on the transfer of intellectual property and technology or through theft. For example, cyber espionage or espionage engaged in by agents of the Chinese state are involved in these relationships with foreign firms or universities where PLA-associated scholars have been found to be collaborating with Canadians in key sectors without identifying their People's Liberation Army association.
All the industries in China belong to these systems. Each ministry has a system, and this includes the military. A lot of things that we think are commercial enterprises are actors whose primary mandate is to further the interests of the Chinese strategic and military apparatus. That's been pretty well established.