Thanks for the question.
The CRTC has taken a preliminary view that MVNOs are a necessary way to introduce more competition in the mobile mobile market, and now of course we're waiting for a decision from them.
MVNOs, of course, as a competitive option should introduce pressure on pricing, so there are obvious competitive benefits for consumers in terms of pricing. TekSavvy also highlighted that MVNOs serve particular market niches, typically in countries where MVNOs exist. Actually, we saw this play out in Canada, not with MVNOs, but with small, facilities-based providers like WIND. I'm going by memory because we have to go back several years to remember these mobile competitors that were introduced—Public Mobile, maybe. They appeared in cities. They were facilities-based. They introduced a competitive alternative, and they eventually were swallowed up by Canada's dominant incumbents.
MVNOs serve communities, but of course within the footprints where the MVNO networks exist. In rural Alberta, of course, an MVNO with wholesale services is only going to be available in communities where a dominant provider already has a network with services. But when we talk about surveying communities with unmet needs, then we're talking more about population groups. It may be affordability, but may also be particular cultural groups. It may be particular subsectors of society who are just not served by the existing packages that are available.