Thank you, Mr. Williams. I appreciate the question.
We've done some work on the carbon tax or the carbon pricing policy. We came to the conclusion that it was really difficult to know beyond a reasonable doubt how the carbon tax is impacting retail prices specifically, because a lot of different factors can impact retail prices. A retailer can decide to target one product as a loss leader, for example, or to promote certain products. It's very difficult.
However, we did find some discrepancies up the food chain with wholesale and industrial prices. There seems to be a growing gap between wholesale and industrial prices for food prices in Canada versus the U.S., since 2021. That's quite concerning. We're not suggesting the carbon tax is contributing solely on increasing that gap, but we do believe that it is a factor.