Yes.
Pardon me for invoking academic theory from time to time, but Einstein said theory can very practical.
Porter talked about this in his idea of cluster theory. It's had a huge impact at the United Nations. Developing countries have taken very it seriously. It's the idea that you don't just want to have one company that's very successful; you want to have that constellation of companies and the full value chain system that Mr. Bruce was referring to.
I completely agree. Porter argued that the wealthiest countries in the world—Germany, Japan and U.S.—have more clusters. Hollywood is a cluster. Silicon Valley is a cluster. Banking in New York City is a cluster. It's not just the bank itself; it's all of the suppliers. In Hollywood, it's the scriptwriters and all the people who win Academy Awards. That's the cluster. That's what you're referring to.
Where I'm going with this is that I don't think we can legislate it. I think what we have to do is create the conditions necessary to encourage companies to come here.
Mr. Bruce said to identify the friction points. I think we should, and I hope you MPs ask the questions: Why are they not coming here right now? Why are they going somewhere else? They come here, get the minerals and ship them out. The first and most obvious question is why.
Given all the advantages that we have, there's something missing. That's why we have this capital outflow, which has be documented. More money is flowing out in FDI than is coming into Canada. People are voting with their feet because there's something that they see that's remiss or not going in the right direction. I think we have to zero in on that to fix those problems or, what Mr. Bruce called, friction points.