Of course, and the chamber is very much interested in examining the opportunities of closed-loop systems throughout the life cycle of critical minerals. This closed-loop concept, of course, supports Canada's environmental ambitions.
On the upstream extraction side of the equation, there exist closed-loop opportunities to recover minerals from waste and tailings. In effect, Canada can support the development of systems that extract all possible value from deposits that have already been mined, creating a closed-loop system that has very little waste, if any.
On the downstream manufacturing side of the supply chain, there are closed-loop opportunities that can support value-added recycling programs that offer both environmental and economic benefits. A clear example here would be that as EVs—electric vehicles—gain market share, there may be opportunities for closed-loop battery recycling programs that repurpose or reintegrate batteries into the supply chain, limiting waste and creating economic opportunities at the same time.