Thank you, Mr. Chairman.
I want to join the chair in commending you, Ms. Afshin-Jam, for bringing a human face to the testimony we've heard this morning. I'd like to take up where you left off in terms of your recommendations and link them to the witness testimony of Professor Akhavan and Mr. Genser. I'd like to put some questions to them in that regard.
Professor Akhavan, let me begin with you. Your presentation was very comprehensive. I would just like to invite you to maybe elaborate on several points you mentioned.
The first point has to do with the reference made to “targeted” sanctions. Could you elaborate on that in terms of UN-enhanced sanctions or any sanctions Canada may be able to initiate in that regard?
The second point has to do with track two diplomacy. Ms. Afshin-Jam has indicated some recommendations in that regard. I know you've thought a lot about this. What recommendations do you have in that regard?
Third, I want to support what you've said with respect to the Canadian government initiatives regarding preparing an indictment for Saeed Mortazavi. That's on the criminal side. On the civil side, I want to ask you whether you think Canada should provide a civil remedy here for victims of torture and terror, amending our own legislation for that purpose.
Finally, I'll turn it over to you, Mr. Genser, on the same questions. You can answer any of those or else elaborate on any matters regarding the last point you made, around remedies re state-sanctioned incitement to genocide.