I will draw a parallel to the laws that you mentioned. Recently, in 2008, the UN Security Council passed resolution 1820, which specifically deals with sexual violence. States have the obligation to integrate the sections and provisions of those resolutions nationally. The United Nations has therefore proposed that the member states prepare and implement action plans to ensure that this resolution is in place.
At the moment, only 22 countries have an action plan. Haiti does not have one and neither does Sudan. But Liberia, for example, has one. As you well know, Canada also has an action plan, which was just released last October 5. It is important to encourage those states to develop action plans, and then to make sure that the action plans are implemented by providing them with guidance and support.
Now let’s go back to your first question about obstacles. In Haiti in particular, crowding is a problem in the IDP camps, in makeshift shelters. The camps that were created are overflowing. There could be 18 people, women and children living in a tent. This crowding promotes sexual violence.
That is why policewomen on foot patrol in these camps are very, very important. As Mr. Miller said earlier, women represent about 10% of the police officers who participate in MINUSTAH. This is not a lot. We hope that, through the joint efforts of the UN and other organizations, there will be at least 20% female police officers in peacekeeping operations by 2014.