Thank you. That's a good question.
I think before I answer this question, I should say that a lot of the abuses in ethnic areas have been committed by the Burma army. Insurgent groups also commit some human rights abuses, but let's just focus on the Burma army for now.
What is becoming more apparent is that the Government of Burma does not have much control over the Burma army. In Kachin state, for example, in the last year, President Thein Sein twice ordered the Burma army to stop all combat activities in Kachin state. The army continued fighting. This presents a big problem. It seems like the international community now has good engagement with the government but very weak engagement with the military. A lot of people don't even know which person they should engage with—which commanders, which generals.
What has the government done to counter violence against ethnic minorities? Well, Thein Sein twice asked the Burma army to stop. That had no effect. They are engaged in ceasefire negotiations, which I think could be promising, in a lot of areas, not in Kachin. Karen is moving along, and there have been some Shan ones, and Mon, and with Chin groups. The negotiators here are coming from the government and not the military. Hopefully the military will abide by whatever ceasefire treaties they come up with.
So there's been that. The government has talked about doing development programs and humanitarian aid in these areas. It hasn't done that yet, but you can't just roll out a development program overnight. This would take time.
So there's been a lot of talk and not much action. I think this is another topic that we have to wait and see on.