My goodness, that's a very challenging question. Sometimes the more one gets entangled the more difficult it is to see things clearly.
I'm a firm believer that soft power is very often underestimated by policy-makers. Even symbolic condemnation campaigns of naming and shaming, and dialogue with civil society, all of these efforts, even if they cannot produce immediate results, create the basis for a sustainable transformation.
We shouldn't believe that if Ayatollah Ali Khamenei goes and then another tyrant is in power that somehow we're going to achieve democracy. Democracy is above all about institution building. It's about building culture and public awareness. So I would say that the steady stream of dialogue and engagement, and the condemnation of human rights abuses by the international community, all of that cumulatively is very important for helping the historical struggle of the Iranian people to achieve democracy.
To repeat, I think my call for targeted sanctions over the past several years is also a very important. What the Iranian public sees now are sanctions that of course hurt the regime, but they hurt the ordinary people even more. It's very important to have targeted sanctions that identify and implicate particular individuals in these abuses. In answer to your question, that perhaps may be a very concrete measure that I think the Canadian government should consider very seriously.