Yes. There is what we call in international law the cessation clause, which is, you have the status of refugee as long as you cannot avail yourself of the protection of your home country, the country of origin, nationality or habitual residence. Indeed, at some point the United Nations and UNHCR, our agency, may declare that it's safe for people to return because there's been a radical change in the political scene, or peace has been achieved. In that case, people who were refugees will be encouraged and supported by UNHCR to return to that country through a voluntary repatriation program.
It is important to say that it's voluntary because you will always have people who will refuse to go back because they have a certain profile, an ethnic profile, or they were journalists and still would face some reprisals if they were to go back. It's not an automatic blanket thing. We still look at individuals to see, and it has to be a free and informed choice for people to return. But, yes indeed, people will return.
The second best solution is when people can locally integrate. That happens in quite a number of countries, in Canada, for example, where you claim asylum, are recognized as a refugee, and within five years you become a citizen. That happens in quite a number of countries. It all depends on the economic situation, the ethnic and linguistic ties, and so on.
On your second question, let's take an example from this part of the world, the internal displacement in Colombia. People have been displaced for many years, and have been able to reintegrate as internally displaced, to shift away from refugees, in new communities, in new parts of the country. They are still displaced in the sense that they're not in their place of origin, but they're completely integrated in another part of their country. This is, of course, much easier when you are a national of your own country, because we all have the freedom of movement within the boundaries of our own country.
It does happen in a number of places. There is, for example, the whole Kenya issue and the Dadaab and Kakuma camps. It's all about that. How can we transform those huge camps into actual urban centres, which will integrate the population and contribute to the economy of the region, and even of the country? That's what is at stake now in the discussions that UNHCR is having with the Kenyan government.