The main needs are probably in terms of access to education and access to psychosocial and recreational activities for children to be able to have a sense of normalcy. Let me draw your attention to the fact that, in general, we assess that only 3% of children having gone through a traumatic experience such as displacement or conflict will need specialized psychotherapy treatment. The rest of them, 97%, will be able to resume that by going back to school or by having their family hosted or sheltered in a private environment where the family dynamics can be rebuilt.
This is really what is at stake today. If we want to zoom in on the children, we need to make sure that we provide the necessary resources. I'm sorry to come back always to the resources, but at the end of the day, this is what is at stake. We need to make sure that the children can go to school, and that after school there are some recreational activities organized by the civil society partners, in particular the national partners in Uganda and Kenya or elsewhere, who will be able to reconnect the children with their childhood. It's as simple as that. It's reconnecting.
This will happen in 97% of the cases without specialized psychiatric intervention, but education is a very costly intervention. Shelter is a very costly intervention. You need to build houses literally from scratch. Living as a family under plastic sheeting is not a life. It doesn't provide privacy. It doesn't provide space for the parents to continue being parents and for the children to continue being children. Everybody is in there two by two.
That's what is at stake. If we take the case of Uganda, Uganda is offering a plot of land. The host communities are offering the land, so it's a question of providing them the tools and the material for them to build those little houses, to have something more than just plastic sheeting.
I used to work for another organization, UNICEF, which specializes in children. One thing I always want to flag is that you have to look at the needs of the parents. It's extremely difficult to address the protection needs and the trauma of a child when the parents are unstable or do not feel welcome or do not feel supported. At UNHCR we try to always have an integrated approach that goes into age, gender, and diversity. A child is different according to his own characteristics.
Let me explain. A child with a disability does not have the same needs as another child. A woman with a disability is not to be seen or looked at, in terms of her own potential to be self-reliant, the same way as a woman without a disability. We need to have this intersectional approach to protection and to look at the family as a full entity.
I am not sure I am responding entirely to your question.