It's beyond a chilling effect. It is glacial.
It came about around the same time as Hong Kong's security law. It just meant that you could be arrested without a warrant. This is the impact on people: You could be arrested without a warrant and held in prison for up to 24 days. I'll have to double-check those numbers.
Beyond that, many petitions were filed at the supreme court to roll it back. The supreme court has rolled some elements back, but it still remains and it hangs like Damocles' sword on any human rights defender.
We've also seen that social media has been weaponized. The phrase in the Philippines is “red tag”. It's essentially comparing a human rights defender to a terrorist and uses the same principles that you heard from Matthew against journalists and human rights defenders.