Thank you for that.
I'd like to move on to the chapter 11 provisions that are in the Canada-Peru agreement.
There have been broad concerns about the impacts of so-called free trade agreements. Certainly with NAFTA, we've seen a meltdown of the Mexican rural economy. In fact, in a very real sense, many people are poorer after the passing of free trade agreements than are richer. That's unfortunately the factual evidence of what the impacts have been. We very carefully study the impacts of agreements, and we've seen what has happened in NAFTA—a lowering of real income, actually in all three countries, in Canada, the United States, and Mexico. Most people in North America are earning less. What has happened is a consolidation of wealth in very few hands. In a very real sense, free trade agreements give too much power in too few hands. The idea that there is a trickle-down economic development simply is not proven, when we look at the facts.
The issue of chapter 11 and of the additional powers it provides to Canadian companies operating abroad that can override local indigenous people or local municipalities is a very important one. My question is, since Canada has done no impact study on what the chapter 11 provisions would mean for indigenous Peruvians, has the Peruvian government done an impact study into what the impacts of the Canada-Peru free trade agreement could be? We've seen an explosion around the U.S.-Peru agreement and the decrees coming out of that. I don't think any Canadian outside of Parliament Hill would want to see the Canada-Peru deal ignite a similar level of protest. Has the Peruvian government looked into what the impacts are of providing these supranational powers to Canadian companies through the chapter 11 provisions of Canada-Peru?