Yes. Thank you so much for the question.
You're absolutely right. The Indian Act creates obstacles for indigenous people. There are complications around land ownership and transfers, and it discriminates against women very strongly, decreasing their ability to access financing and business opportunities.
The other piece is the view that ownership is collective. For example, if there is a bison farm in the community, it does not belong to one specific family; it belongs to the entire community. Is that a barrier to entrepreneurship? I'm not sure, because collective thinking and collective ownership of this bison farm relate to sustenance, food and being able to live a good quality of life, since it's available to the community.
As for whether or not there is criminality, I believe there are systemic issues perpetuated by governments that can lead to criminality. Whether or not they do needs further study and questioning.
Thank you.