ArriveCAN certainly had a huge impact at the land border crossings. These were crossings where people were not used to having to make any other kind of declaration. They would drive up and have a conversation with the customs border agent, and would show their documentation coming into Canada, whether it was their driver's licence or their passport. The ArriveCAN app and the requirements of the ArriveCAN app had a massive effect. We were seeing a drop of 50% or more in the number of Americans coming into the country, and the reason was the ArriveCAN app.
When you look at the other problems, you also had some glitches with the app. You had travellers getting messages telling them that they had to quarantine when they didn't. You had travellers out there trying to reroute how they were using the app in order to get away from these quarantine notices. That was a huge challenge.
When you look at the other restrictions, and certainly the proof of vaccination and the random testing, they created uncertainty for international travellers. I mentioned in my opening remarks that international travel this year was down 53%. That's $12 billion that didn't come into the country because of travel requirements.
As an example, Monette was talking earlier about business events. We had U.S. events in Canada, and on average, we were only getting 60% of attendees. Forty per cent were staying home, and when they were asked about this, it was because of the restrictions and the requirements.