Evidence of meeting #35 for International Trade in the 45th Parliament, 1st session. (The original version is on Parliament’s site, as are the minutes.) The winning word was beef.

A recording is available from Parliament.

On the agenda

Members speaking

Before the committee

Fulton  President, Canadian Cattle Association
Young  Vice President, Government, External and Environmental Affairs, Vancouver Fraser Port Authority
Nankivell  President and Chief Executive Officer, Asia Pacific Foundation of Canada
Holmes  Executive Vice President, International and Chief of Public Policy, Canadian Chamber of Commerce
Nighbor  President and Chief Executive Officer, Forest Products Association of Canada

The Chair (Hon. Judy A. Sgro (Humber River—Black Creek, Lib.)) Liberal Judy Sgro

Good morning. I'm calling the meeting to order. This is meeting number 35 of the Standing Committee on International Trade.

We have a couple of new members sitting at the table. Welcome to all of you. This is the best committee on the Hill. That's my own plug here, but we have a great group of people, regular members and substitute members. I appreciate you all being here.

Pursuant to Standing Order 108(2) and the motion adopted by the committee on Thursday, February 12, 2026, the committee is commencing its study of Canada's trade with Japan.

I have a study budget in the amount of $9,750. Is everybody okay with that?

Some hon. members

Agreed.

The Chair Liberal Judy Sgro

We have with us today, from the Canadian Cattle Association, Tyler Fulton, by video conference. He is someone the committee knows very well.

From Vancouver Fraser Port Authority, we have Alexa Young, vice-president, government, external and environmental affairs, also by video conference.

Welcome to you both.

We will start with Mr. Fulton for a presentation of up to five minutes, please.

Tyler Fulton President, Canadian Cattle Association

Good afternoon, Madam Chair. Thanks for the opportunity to appear today.

My name is Tyler Fulton, and I am president of the Canadian Cattle Association.

Through our provincial members, CCA represents about 60,000 beef producers across Canada supporting jobs, the economy, rural communities and food security.

Today I'll be sharing the success story of the Canadian beef industry and Japan and the lessons from this positive relationship.

Japan is Canada's second-largest beef export market after the United States. It is a high-value, premium market that rewards consistent quality and long-term customer relationships. CCA leadership has had the privilege to travel to Japan to strengthen our partnerships and experience first-hand the success of Canadian beef.

In 2025, Canada exported $378 million in beef and beef products to Japan. The value of beef exports into this market has increased by roughly 76% from 2018 to 2025, despite significant global volatility. Through CPTPP, Canada gained meaningful beef market access into Japan. When CPTPP took effect in 2018, tariffs on Canadian beef went from 38.5% to the current 27.5% on fresh beef. Tariffs continue to lower annually. Japan's beef tariffs are scheduled to reach 9% by 2033. That predictable tariff schedule is essential for long-term market development. CPTPP is the gold standard for free trade agreements; it sets ambitious commitments, science-based standards and upholds rules-based trade.

The Indo-Pacific region, including Japan, represents the largest opportunity for the long term. I believe that the success of this trade relationship can provide three valuable lessons for Canada's trade diversification.

First, we need to uphold rules-based trade. Any new CPTPP member must match the ambition and high standards of the agreement. Canadian beef farmers and ranchers were deeply disappointed with the U.K.'s accession to CPTPP. The U.K. acceded to CPTPP with remaining non-tariff barriers against Canadian beef, and we did not use the leverage we had to resolve it. Therefore, it's essential that any CPTPP expansion should strengthen, not dilute, the ambition and standards of the agreement.

Second, we must not lose sight of what meaningful market access is. For producers, that means not only tariff reductions but the removal of non-tariff barriers so that trade can take place. Our success in Japan is not only due to tariff reductions but also to the removal of non-tariff barriers. Japan has been a reliable trade partner that abides by science and rules-based trade. This eliminates non-tariff barriers and other obstacles to trade.

Finally, trade diversification pursued without regard to outcomes does not serve Canadians. Canada's current negotiations with Mercosur illustrate this concern. There is no viable opportunity for Canadian beef in Mercosur countries, yet we are the number one bargaining chip on the negotiating table. Allowing increased access from countries with low standards displaces Canadian, sustainably produced beef and undermines domestic production at a time when the Canadian beef herd is rebuilding. Mercosur beef also has low standards in labour, animal health and environment, putting at risk our industry's biosecurity and hurting our reputation as a beef exporter with high standards in labour, environment and production.

For Canadian beef producers, that is not diversification; it's risk without reward. We need to ensure that trade agreements provide long-term benefits that encourage further production in Canada to meet global demand.

In closing, CCA supports trade diversification that is strategic, reciprocal and meaningful. Japan is a great example of diversification done right. It is a reliable, high-value and strategic market for Canadian beef.

Thanks. I look forward to your questions.

The Chair Liberal Judy Sgro

Thank you very much, Mr. Fulton.

We will go to Ms. Young for five minutes.

Alexa Young Vice President, Government, External and Environmental Affairs, Vancouver Fraser Port Authority

Thank you, Chair and members of the committee.

I'm honoured to join you today from the traditional territories of the Musqueam, Squamish and Tseil-Waututh nations.

These are extraordinary times for Canada. Trade rules have been upended. Canadians are feeling anxious.

Thank you to you and all your fellow parliamentarians for your service and leadership in these consequential times.

Now, there's no doubt that Prime Minister Carney's commitment to double exports to non-U.S. markets in the next 10 years is the right commitment at the right time.

Delivering on this commitment is going to require a team Canada approach and purposeful action to make more stuff like metals and minerals, wood and energy products, agri-foods, machinery and equipment; to sell more stuff to customers who want and need what Canada makes; and to move that stuff to where it needs to go reliably. As the trade-enabling infrastructure folks, that's where the Port of Vancouver comes in.

Where do we see the biggest opportunity for Canada in working to achieve this ambitious target? It's in making, selling and moving Canadian goods to the Indo-Pacific region, where 50% of global GDP will reside by 2040—China, South Korea, ASEAN nations—and the market we're here to talk about today: Japan.

The good news is that the Port of Vancouver is uniquely poised to play an outsized role in seizing this opportunity broadly and in Japan specifically. We're very pleased that you're undertaking this important study.

As context, the Port of Vancouver is Canada's largest port: bigger than the next five biggest ports combined. We're North America's most diversified port, handling about $350 billion of goods every year. Whether it's Ontario retail products, Manitoba canola, Saskatchewan potash, Alberta oil or B.C. lumber, you name it and there's a good chance we move it, and 80% of those products are already headed to non-U.S. markets. That includes Japan, our second-biggest trading partner by volume, and where key exports include metallurgical coal, wheat, canola and forestry products, as well as other products, including energy exports.

Looking back, what has enabled our exports to Japan and its neighbours? Decades of investment—about $9 billion over the past 15 years alone—have helped us move more of what Canadians make, mine, harvest and grow, with record trade year after year. With game-changing projects on the horizon, which I'll get into shortly, not only will Canadians and their businesses benefit, but customers in Japan and elsewhere will too.

As you undertake this study, there are three big opportunities from our perspective.

One, we need to invest in and build more trade-enabling infrastructure. The first step is to get game-changing projects that are ready to deliver for Canadians, like Roberts Bank terminal 2, across the finish line. This is a project that will see the creation of new industrial land and a three-berth terminal that's going to unleash an additional $100 billion a year in trade capacity. It's a project that already has its environmental assessment approvals in place and the consent of 27 first nations. It's a project that, with support from the government via the Major Projects Office, can move towards a final investment decision and early construction works. This is game-changing.

What's more, as a country, we must also invest in getting more last-mile infrastructure up and running. Think roads, bridges, overpasses, underpasses and tunnels, to ensure that as we look to double export capacity, we're staying on top of what this means for communities that have rail crossings, truck traffic and other activities passing through.

Over the past 15 years, the Canadian government has helped to invest in two major waves of rail-supporting infrastructure in this gateway, but to double exports, much more is needed. We're pleased to have recently submitted proposals to Transport Canada's new trade diversification corridors fund.

More broadly, and as we look to get more trade enabling infrastructure up and running efficiently, there’s also an opportunity to make systemic changes to our regulatory frameworks—like expanding port authorities’ permitting powers.

In Vancouver, for example, in recent years we’ve permitted substantive projects such as the Centerm Expansion Project and G3’s new grain terminal—each worth about half a billion dollars.

We run a thorough environmental assessment process including robust consultation with first nations. Critically, we deliver timely decisions—over 90% within our targets…pivotal to attracting investment. Long story short, empower port authorities to do more for Canada on permitting.

Two, we don't just need to build new projects; we need to optimize existing projects to make them more efficient and reliable. Here, we must work together to keep adopting new digital tools and tech to help partners share data and have greater supply chain visibility, all with the aim to move products faster, safer and more sustainably.

We can also do more to maximize trade capacity through projects like dredging under the Second Narrows bridge in Burnaby, B.C., which will see us slightly narrow the channel to let tankers leaving—

The Chair Liberal Judy Sgro

Ms. Young, my apologies for interrupting, but the committee members are anxious to ask you questions, and I have to keep track of the time very carefully.

If you can, just finish your remarks while you're answering some of the questions from the members, if that's all right.

11:15 a.m.

Vice President, Government, External and Environmental Affairs, Vancouver Fraser Port Authority

Alexa Young

Absolutely.

The Chair Liberal Judy Sgro

Ms. Kronis is next for six minutes, please.

11:15 a.m.

Conservative

Tamara Kronis Conservative Nanaimo—Ladysmith, BC

Thank you, Madam Chair.

Ms. Young, thank you for your speech, which was interesting.

It is lovely to see you. I had the pleasure of visiting the Port of Vancouver a few months ago. From where we sit on Vancouver Island, the Port of Vancouver is an important part of a wider network of ports, including the home ports that we have in Nanaimo, that are working to expand trade with reliable partners like Japan, which has been a stable and important partner for Canada as a Pacific nation.

As you know, the Port of Nanaimo has just signed a sister port agreement with the Port of Kaohsiung in Taiwan. The CEO, Ian Marr, has played a real leadership role in the Indo-Pacific through the Association of Pacific Ports. As you know, communities like mine are working to deepen ties with partners in the Indo-Pacific region, like Japan and others, that share our strong standards, domestic values and the rule of law.

Could you comment on whether you're seeing stronger coordination among ports in countries like Japan, Taiwan and South Korea that share those common governance and trade standards with Canada?

11:15 a.m.

Vice President, Government, External and Environmental Affairs, Vancouver Fraser Port Authority

Alexa Young

Absolutely. It's wonderful to see you. We're always happy to have folks join us at the Port of Vancouver.

We're seeing increased collaboration across ports in Canada. We all know we have a role to play. We've also seen an uptick in best practices for ports internationally with trading information across both Canadian ports and ports in the Indo-Pacific. A lot of that happens during things like trade and investment missions.

We had one of our executives on the B.C. mission to Japan just last year. We were also pleased to host a delegation of Japanese parliamentarians at the Port of Vancouver last year, so they can bring back some of these findings in terms of what that means at the ports over there.

11:15 a.m.

Conservative

Tamara Kronis Conservative Nanaimo—Ladysmith, BC

In your conversations with those Japanese representatives and representatives from other Pacific ports, have you picked up any intelligence or observations from them around how they feel about Canada's rapprochement...and the tensions that it's creating in the Indo-Pacific?

11:15 a.m.

Vice President, Government, External and Environmental Affairs, Vancouver Fraser Port Authority

Alexa Young

I would say the biggest thing we're hearing in markets, including Japan, is all about certainty. These are customers who want and need what we make. They appreciate this commitment to double exports, but they still require it to move reliably. They're looking at things like labour stability. You can have all the trade-enabling structure that's needed, but if it's not moved reliably....

Over the years, we've seen some significant disruptions that have really tarnished our reputation as being open for business. Those are the types of domestic issues that have an impact on certainty for customers. It's probably the biggest topic.

11:20 a.m.

Conservative

Tamara Kronis Conservative Nanaimo—Ladysmith, BC

That's great to know.

In that vein, can you talk about the potential and the opportunities that we have with short sea shipping to be able to address some of those issues?

11:20 a.m.

Vice President, Government, External and Environmental Affairs, Vancouver Fraser Port Authority

Alexa Young

Absolutely. It's part of the tool kit that's required for looking at all kinds of solutions to get products to market creatively. We know that some good progress is being made in looking at some opportunities to collaborate, including with the Port of Nanaimo, on just that.

11:20 a.m.

Conservative

Tamara Kronis Conservative Nanaimo—Ladysmith, BC

That's great. I know that our folks are very eager to work on that with you. They see tremendous opportunities to be able to enforce Canada's trade resilience and take advantage of those opportunities. As you know, we've grown some of our Vancouver Island exports with Japan through initiatives that include things like kiln-dried lumber and so on.

Given the increased uncertainty in global trade, could you comment on how important it is for the western ports to work together to be able to present that one-network approach to deepening relationships with reliable partners for Canada, like Japan?

11:20 a.m.

Vice President, Government, External and Environmental Affairs, Vancouver Fraser Port Authority

Alexa Young

It's critical. Doubling exports is going to require all hands on deck. There will be different opportunities for different ports on the west coast of Canada, given where they are with existing investments and looking at the future.

Rallying around this target and the vision to “look west” is going to require increased collaboration. At the Port of Vancouver, we're excited to do just that.

11:20 a.m.

Conservative

Tamara Kronis Conservative Nanaimo—Ladysmith, BC

In the short time that I have left, I want to turn to the LNG side of things.

I'm wondering if you could comment on the increase in our LNG exports and whether we are missing some opportunities in that space, compared to competitors such as the United States.

The Chair Liberal Judy Sgro

Give a brief answer, please.

11:20 a.m.

Vice President, Government, External and Environmental Affairs, Vancouver Fraser Port Authority

Alexa Young

I won't speak to the question of the broader export of LNG, but I will say that one great news story at the port of Vancouver is the increased use of LNG bunkering, which is one step in shipping with lower air emissions. I'll leave it there.

The Chair Liberal Judy Sgro

Thank you very much.

Mr. Lavoie, please go ahead for six minutes.

Steeve Lavoie Liberal Beauport—Limoilou, QC

Thank you, Madam Chair.

Thank you to the witnesses for being with us today.

I'm going to direct my first questions to Ms. Young.

First of all, I'd like to congratulate you on the quality of your French. You speak it very well, so it's a pleasure to hear you.

I am a native of and a member of Parliament for the Quebec City region. As you are no doubt aware, last Friday, the Port of Québec became the sixth port in Canada to obtain certification for handling containers. It has therefore become part of the maritime strategy. That said, I'm very interested in this topic.

As you said, your port is the largest. It's very interesting to have you with us today. I know I won't have enough time to ask you all my questions.

To start with, Japan is a major importer of Canadian goods. In fact, 13% of your exports go to Japan.

You're the first witness to whom I'm asking a question related to this study. I'd like to know what the port's capacity is in relation to Japan.

Right now, it accounts for 13% of your exports. Could that double over the next 10 years?

Could you double your current exports to Japan? Do you think Japan has the potential to do so? Do we have the capacity to do so?

There are two issues here. Willingness is one. Is Japan able to take it on and are we able to deliver?

11:20 a.m.

Vice President, Government, External and Environmental Affairs, Vancouver Fraser Port Authority

Alexa Young

Thank you, hon. member.

That's a very good question, and I appreciate your comment about the Port of Montreal, which is an important milestone.

Steeve Lavoie Liberal Beauport—Limoilou, QC

It's the Port of Québec, not the Port of Montreal. It's the Port of Québec in Quebec City.

11:20 a.m.

Vice President, Government, External and Environmental Affairs, Vancouver Fraser Port Authority

Alexa Young

Yes, but the development of the Port of Montreal is also going very well.