I think that in the case of Kosovo, there was no other candidate. NATO was the region's capable agent, if you will, so what you would have seen in that instance, if we believe the evidence put before decision-makers at the time, is more ethnic cleansing and more atrocities against civilians, although retrospectively, I think, the evidence much more shows that NATO's actions actually contributed to further ethnic cleansing. Nonetheless, I'm someone who believes that the action was legitimate, even though it was illegal.
The case of Afghanistan again is a very different situation, in that you don't have regional players of the kind you have in Europe, Latin America, or even Africa, so the possibility of there being a regional actor really doesn't come to light in the same way. The question is, what would have happened had NATO not become involved through ISAF in a much more multi-dimensional operation in Afghanistan, beyond what the Americans did very early in 2001? I think that's an interesting counterfactual that I'm sure we're all thinking about, but there was a moment there when we had an opportunity, through a massive show of force, to prevent the Taliban from having a foothold in Afghanistan, and we know where we are today.