Maybe I'll open with my characterization of the military interactions and then provide the opportunity to colleagues to answer your question.
We've seen 12,000 North Korean troops deployed into Russia as well as, importantly, equipment: 50 howitzers and 20 multiple-launch rocket systems, which are a pretty sophisticated capability. They've gone, as this group knows, to the Kursk oblast. Russia, in turn, has also used 60 ballistic missiles from the DPRK against Ukraine.
To what my colleague earlier said, we think that there's an exchange through which Russia is providing the DPRK with fuel, money and, most importantly, technology, which does have the propensity to destabilize the peninsula.