I think NORAD is taken seriously. I can't speak to the perceptions of the Russians, but if I look at the world, the answer is that we're not very persuasive at all. We don't have the capacity with the current North Warning System to track cruise missiles. We have a limited capacity with our F-18s, and our future F-35s when we buy them, with look-down radar capabilities to be able to track them and intercept them. That's a limited capability. We don't have the capacity to track hypersonic vehicles.
The answer is that we are vulnerable. The Russians, in terms of thinking about these vulnerabilities, have one big calculation in the back of their minds, which goes back to the Cold War stance of deterrence in North America relative to the Soviet threat, etc. That is, can the Russians be sure that any sort of military use using conventional weapons will not be met with nuclear retaliation? At the backbone of North American defence and security is the nuclear retaliatory capability of the United States. That is the ace in the hand that partially mitigates the concerns of the conventional threat of the missile world, hypersonics and cruise missiles. How credible that is is another important question, and for NORAD, the thinking right now is that it's not very credible.