Thank you very much for that question.
First, it's clear, as you said, that there is need for collaboration among national security agencies. Some of that does require the sharing of information.
However, as you pointed out, what we have seen is that there are deep concerns about how some of that information is shared and the impact it can have.
For example, again the BC Civil Liberties Association found in their research that CSE was sharing intelligence with the CRA in order to bolster their efforts to counter terrorist financing. However, what we have found in our research is that the CRA, through its efforts to counter terrorist financing, has taken a prejudiced approach to Muslim charities in Canada. It has been operating from an idea that because there are terrorist threats from Muslim-linked organizations, the Muslim community must be placed under greater suspicion. That results in greater surveillance, greater information gathering and sharing and greater repercussions as compared to other communities in Canada.
How this ties back to the study at hand is that the intelligence that is shared isn't known publicly to the organization that it's being used against, so they don't have the opportunity to challenge it. We see that also reflected in, for example, Bill C-26, where there's, we believe, an undue amount of secrecy and the ability to use information and to hide information from critical infrastructure companies that are providing telecommunication services to Canadians if they were, for example, to attempt to appeal or challenge an order made by the minister.