Thank you for your question.
In fact, there are several layers.
There is a watch list of products and countries. When a Canadian company wants to export a product, it needs to ask the Department of Foreign Affairs, Trade and Development whether the product is on that list and obtain its permission. We then analyze the product or component and consult with the Department of National Defence and other organizations, including security services, to try to find out more about the recipient. At that point, permission can be granted or denied.
We look at the type of product to be exported and the recipient country. We look at the impact that the export of a product could have on a country's regional security, on human rights and on Canada's national interest.
Our colleagues at the CBSA, the Canada Border Services Agency, also conduct border checks—