Thank you very much for that question.
It's indeed modelling what we have in practice. First, it's modelling the well. I would just like to highlight which components we are modelling: we're modelling the well, the pipelines, the refinery process, the flares, and even the greenhouse gases in the environment. These are the major components that we're actually modelling. When I say “modelling the refinery,” I mean modelling the refinery process with equipment underneath.
In terms of validation, what we have developed throughout our expertise—and I was in Japan for almost ten years, working with all oil and gas companies. Until now, I also did a lot of consulting with oil and gas companies in the Middle East.
So through this expertise, we have developed modelling validation through a link with a real-time plant. That means we have the actual plant data, and we develop our models. We link them with what we call real-time simulation. That means the plant is running, and we have our simulation, and I can simulate at a faster pace so I can see an hour ahead in just a few seconds what the actual pipeline ingredients or the turbulence or the production speed, for example, will be.
So primarily the validation is actually through integration with the real-time data. We have this cross-link or integration where we reduce the error of our model's parameters so that it will be tuned to the real-time simulation.
That's primarily the story of modelling.