I appreciate the question.
Kevin commented on the segmenting of the work. One of the things that really need to be understood is that when you get into urban pipelining, this is not anything like we have in the Prairies. When we constructed the line 3 project, we had opportunities because of our skilled members and our knowledgeable contractors. We could employ ditching wheels able to produce in excess of 10 kilometres of ditch a day. Urban pipelining is a very different animal, and just with respect to those kinds of challenges, it was very difficult.
When you segment projects, the real cost there, the significant cost associated with segmenting projects like that, is that the equipment, material and personnel then need to be moved about the right-of-way to access and construct those areas that then have permits. In a traditional pipelining sense, that equipment would be deployed at the lay-down yard; that equipment would be engaged on the right-of-way, and that equipment would be able to execute their portion of the project right to conclusion.
When you're dealing with urban pipelining, or when you're dealing with breaks in what would be defined as a “traditional spread”, all of that equipment, all of the personnel and all of the material required for that next segment have to then be transported by our brothers from the Teamsters to that next lay-down area.