Actually, the starting point has changed. We no longer wait for dementia to say that someone has Alzheimer's disease. The new biomarkers include spinal fluid examination--we need a spinal fluid lab in Canada, so add it to the wish list, please--and PET imaging, which is imaging of the brain with different tracers.
If we can make a diagnosis of Alzheimer's before there is dementia, we can gain about two years, on average. Those two years before dementia is our window, we think, to study the disease where the brain is still able to recuperate. Some of the connections could be rebuilt. It bridges what the young lady was saying here about brain repair systems.
That's what we're hoping. It would take three years, I would say, to establish whether this prevention in the pre-dementia stage was actually working. Some of the drugs that have failed in the later stages might work earlier. There are new molecules being tested in animal models right now.