There is another factor that can have an impact. For example, if a Francophone immigrant who is an engineer comes here from Africa, his credentials have to be recognized by the Association of Professional Engineers of Nova Scotia. The association receives all the documents in English and is not able to translate them. So, that is an additional burden for Francophone immigrants. We have experienced this at the provincial level, even in Nova Scotia.
Evidence of meeting #20 for Official Languages in the 40th Parliament, 3rd Session. (The original version is on Parliament’s site, as are the minutes.) The winning word was immigrants.
A recording is available from Parliament.