Institutional completeness is a concept that was invented by Raymond Breton, a sociologist at the University of Toronto. He had found that the vitality of a community's language was tied to the breadth of its institutional network.
If this concept is applied to francophones outside Quebec, the fact that they have few French language high schools and almost no French language universities—apart from in Moncton—has a very negative impact on their vitality. Assimilation occurs when francophones leave high school and decide upon a program of studies. Many choose English as a language of instruction and the process of assimilation begins.
This can apply to Quebec as well, where the anglophone community has an institutional network funded at a level that exceeds their demographic weight by a factor of three. This enables them to assimilate a large number of allophones. Indeed, anglophones in Quebec assimilate approximately half of allophones, even though the community accounts for only 8.1% of the population.
Institutional completeness is a key concept for understanding how a community's linguistic vitality is related to money, which is to say funding.