It's clear—and I've spoken publicly about this—that there are actors in Canada and outside the country who are taking advantage of this student demand and giving false hope to many people. It's very unfortunate to see them suffer and receive an education that doesn't live up to their expectations, especially in institutions that aren't the best players, not planning very well to support these people, whether in terms of housing services or other services. It's a problem I don't want to exaggerate, but I don't want to minimize it either. Some provinces, in the exercise of their jurisdiction, do a better job than others.
The challenge facing the federal government and me, as Minister of Immigration, Refugees and Citizenship, is to figure out what I need to solve. It's not my job to police the structural funding of higher education by the provinces, and I'm sure the provinces would call me to order if I tried to do so. Institutions have adapted to accommodate international students who pay three or four times what our children pay. It's a problem and part of the discussion about the ecosystem that's been created.
My job as Minister of Immigration, Refugees and Citizenship is to look at the visa process, to look at the reliability of the institutions that benefit from that process and the international students who come here, and to stop fraud. We are working—and this will require coordination with the institutions concerned and the provinces—to determine which institutions are more sound than others, even if it means rewarding the good players later on and punishing the bad ones. It's not going to happen overnight. I know people may be frustrated by that statement, but it's a valve that can't be closed overnight without very negative repercussions.