I think it's going to depend on communities, to be honest with you, but I think the first thing would be for physicians and clinicians to really understand about power and the systemic issues. We have a lot of systemic issues that I think people don't want to acknowledge. Really, cultural safety is about acknowledging power systems and understanding the ongoing impacts of colonization. Knowing that and understanding it means that then you learn about how to engage with communities.
Then, when you can engage with communities, that's when you can open up those lines of communication in order to understand what the needs of the community will be around physician-assisted death. If you can't do that, it's not going to be a success. You're not going to know what those needs are. The needs are going to be very different. It's not going to be much different from end-of-life and palliative care issues. In fact, I think it will be more sensitive.
If physicians are trained around understanding those root-cause issues, those deep-seated systemic issues, they're going to be able to open up those lines of communication. The number one problem we've had—and nurses have said this to us—is that they don't know how to start discussions. They're worried about offending the people they're working with. They don't know enough about them. They don't understand the spiritual needs and aspects. They don't know why they have to smudge. There are all these kinds of things.
If they can understand those things going in, that is going to make those lines of communication open. It's going to create that environment of safety for the first nations people, Métis people, or Inuit people they're working with, and it's going to make their jobs a heck of a lot easier.